Background
ILSI Europe-coordinated initiatives on markers date back to the EU concerted action FUFOSE from 1995-97, which established definitions and basic concepts such as evidence-based nutrition for scientific substantiation of health benefits of foods and particularly recommended the use of markers. Ways to develop valid study designs and to identify, validate and use markers to explore the effects of diet on health were further dealt with in the PASSCLAIM project (2001-2005), also supported by the EU. The EU-funded project BRAFO (2007-2010) developed a framework that allows quantitative comparison of human health risks and benefits of foods and food compounds based on a common scale of measurement; markers were used as one example of measurements. A contemporary EU funded project called EURRECA creates best practice guidelines on markers of status with the aim to identify the best way to measure micronutrient intake. In parallel, many ILSI Europe task forces have been working on markers in their respective areas.
Outside ILSI Europe and in other research fields, work on markers and initiatives for validation of markers have been and are still being performed, such as the Institute of Medicine report (commissioned by the FDA), BOND (commissioned by the NICHD/NIH), the IARC Biomarker Group, Infectious Disease Biomarker Database, Early Detection Research Network, OPTIMA, EUROFEDA, Diet and Health Research Industry Club and others.
The existence of all these initiatives clearly shows that there is a need for consensus on the selection of markers used in the field of nutrition research. Indeed, the lack of criteria to test the adequacy of markers makes the comparison of results from various studies difficult, and jeopardizes the future development of evidence-based nutrition..
To fill this gap, ILSI Europe started a 3-year transversal initiative, called the Marker Initiative in Nutrition Research.
Objectives
The aims of the Marker Initiative are:
1) To identify criteria for evaluating markers in nutrition research.
2) To identify examples of adequate markers in each field of nutrition research.
Impact
By identifying a list of criteria, guidelines will be developed for the nutrition research field to evaluate the markers that are currently used or to be discovered in the future.
By applying the criteria, adequate markers will be identified and using these markers will facilitate gathering comparable data in future studies and thereby reusing the knowledge available in the nutrition field .
Activities
This 3-year initiative is built on 3 sequential steps (see diagram at the bottom of this page for an overview):
Step 1: Review of existing criteria
In step 1, two approaches were applied:
In “approach A,” an expert group identified evidence-based criteria for selecting adequate markers through a comprehensive literature review.
In parallel, a series of expert groups formed from existing ILSI Europe Task Forces carried out “approach B.” Under this approach, the expert groups created a list of broadly used markers in their field of nutrition research. They evaluated these markers and thereby identified a list of criteria for selecting adequate markers.
Step 2: Defining consensus criteria
With the inputs of both approach A and approach B, the aim is to identify criteria for selecting adequate markers in nutrition research . In order to ensure the application of the best science and a thorough review of the preparatory work produced, a workshop was organized by ILSI Europe, aiming to achieve the following objectives:
• To obtain consensus on the criteria for evaluating markers in nutrition research;
• To initiate the development of guidance on how to use the consensus criteria.
The workshop was organised by ILSI Europe on 27-29 June 2012 in Lisbon, Portugal.
Step 3: Application of consensus criteria
The last step consists in the evaluation of the applicability of the consensus criteria. These criteria will be applied to the commonly used markers, as defined in approach B of step 1 (or other if relevant), as proof of concept. This will lead to the identification of markers that comply with the criteria for each specific domain of research (cognition, cardiovascular health, etc.).
We also expect to identify some research needs and gaps to fill. The output of this initiative will be published in a supplement of a peer-reviewed journal.
Task forces collaborating
The Marker Initiative in Nutrition Research is a transversal activity in which several task forces and expert groups join forces. The following task forces and expert groups actively participate in the initiative: Task Forces |
Expert Groups |
| Approach A |
|
|
Review of existing criteria for the evaluation of markers |
| Approach B |
|
|
Vitamin K |
|
Postprandial carbohydrates metabolism |
|
Gastrointestinal targets of appetite regulation in humans |
|
Identification of criteria for validation of markers on the cardiovascular area |
|
Long-term health outcomes from early life nutritional |
|
- Brain Imaging
- Identification of criteria for validation of markersof cognitive function |
|
Markers of immune modulation following a dietary intervention on the general population |
|
Interplay with the intestinal barrier function |
In step 2 of the initiative, a workshop was organized. The Scientific Committee and Organizing Committee were responsible for the workshop document and the workshop programme.
Scientific Committee
Prof. Mike Gibney - Chair- |
University College Dublin |
IE |
| |
|
|
| Dr. Christophe Matthys - Vice-Chair - |
Catholic University of Leuven |
BE |
| Dr. Jean-Michel Antoine |
Danone |
FR |
| Dr. Rolf Bos |
Royal Friesland Campina |
NL |
Prof. Paul Collinson |
St George's Hospital and Medical School |
UK |
Prof. Nathalie Delzenne |
Université Catholique de Louvain |
BE |
| Prof. Roland DeVlieger |
University Hospital of Leuven |
BE |
Prof. Louise Dye |
University of Leeds |
UK |
Prof. Martine Laville |
University of Lyon |
FR |
Prof. Ian Rowland |
University of Reading |
UK |
| Prof. Ulrich Sack |
University of Leipzig |
DE |
Dr. Egbert Smit |
Maastricht University |
NL |
Dr. Jan de Vries |
Scientific Advisor |
NL |
Prof. Jerry Wells |
Wageningen University |
NL |
| |
|
|
| Ms. Agnès Méheust |
ILSI Europe |
BE |
Dr. Stéphane Vidry |
ILSI Europe |
BE |
Organising Committee
Prof. Mike Gibney - Chair- |
University College Dublin |
IE |
| |
|
|
Dr. Michele Kellerhals - Vice-Chair |
Coca-Cola Europe |
BE |
Dr. Henk Hendriks |
TNO |
NL |
|
Nestlé |
CH |
|
|
|
| Ms. Agnès Méheust |
ILSI Europe |
BE |
| Dr. Stéphane Vidry |
ILSI Europe |
BE |
